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71.
In-gel digestion has been standardised using a poly(propylene) disposable. We designed a four-step rapid and simple in-gel digestion protocol which is carried out in one self-contained reaction tube avoiding keratin contamination. In order to quantify the efficiency of in-gel digestion, we developed a rapid on-column peptide acetylation protocol. Results show that trypsin in-gel uptake is increased and in-gel digestion is 90% complete within 15 min. We further show that spectrum quality, peptide yield and sequence coverage for mass spectrometric analysis are enhanced. We utilise 2-D PAGE separation of photosystem II from barley to demonstrate that the protocol facilitates identification of highly hydrophobic membrane proteins. 相似文献
72.
Kim M. Keppler-Noreuil Julie C. Sapp Marjorie J. Lindhurst Thomas N. Darling Jasmine Burton-Akright Mohammadhadi Bagheri Eva Dombi Ashlyn Gruber Paul F. Jarosinski Staci Martin Neera Nathan Scott M. Paul Ronald E. Savage Pamela L. Wolters Brian Schwartz Brigitte C. Widemann Leslie G. Biesecker 《American journal of human genetics》2019,104(3):484-491
73.
This paper presents the work conducted on the
chemical constituents of some common and widely distributed
halophyte taxa from Cyprus with the aim that these studies will
help in the evaluation of halophytes for different economical
purposes. The plant species of Crithmum maritimum L., Limbarda
crithmoides (L.) Dumort, Atriplex portulacoides L., Salsola kali L.,
Atriplex halimus L., Limonium oleifolium Mill., L. meyeri (Boiss.)
Kuntze; and Tetraena alba (L.f.) Beier & Thulin were collected
in the middle of July. The shoot tissue and leaf samples were
collected from the natural habitats and left for drying under air
circulation followed by placing them in oven at 60 °C for 96
hours. The material was crushed using mortar and pestle and
subjected to an analysis of macro- and micro-nutrients and
biochemical compounds. K+/Na+ in the leaf tissues of the dicot
species showed relatively high values depicting their behavior
as Na+ includes but very low Cl- levels were recorded. Out of
the species investigated here in 4 TFAA content was rather high.
Values ranging from 0.5% to 1% dry weight were exhibited in one
species. However, only 3 species showed very low TFAA values.
Later may be due to low nitrogen availability in their environment.
The phenetic analyses of eight halophyte species performed on
the data matrix using Ntsys-pc program version 2.1 revealed
that, cluster analysis of the overall results obtained here leads to
2 clusters. This discrimination appears to be as a result of their
different abilities to accumulate either proline or glycine betaine. 相似文献
74.
Margarita Medina‐Romero Andrew O'Reilly‐Nugent Anthony Davidson Jonathan Bray Elizabeth Wandrag Bernd Gruber Angelica Lopez‐Aldana Rakhi Palit Tim Reid Aaron Adamack Rod Pietsch Chris Allen Ralph Mac Nally Richard P. Duncan 《Ecography》2019,42(9):1514-1522
Imperfect detection can bias estimates of site occupancy in ecological surveys but can be corrected by estimating detection probability. Time‐to‐first‐detection (TTD) occupancy models have been proposed as a cost–effective survey method that allows detection probability to be estimated from single site visits. Nevertheless, few studies have validated the performance of occupancy‐detection models by creating a situation where occupancy is known, and model outputs can be compared with the truth. We tested the performance of TTD occupancy models in the face of detection heterogeneity using an experiment based on standard survey methods to monitor koala Phascolarctos cinereus populations in Australia. Known numbers of koala faecal pellets were placed under trees, and observers, uninformed as to which trees had pellets under them, carried out a TTD survey. We fitted five TTD occupancy models to the survey data, each making different assumptions about detectability, to evaluate how well each estimated the true occupancy status. Relative to the truth, all five models produced strongly biased estimates, overestimating detection probability and underestimating the number of occupied trees. Despite this, goodness‐of‐fit tests indicated that some models fitted the data well, with no evidence of model misfit. Hence, TTD occupancy models that appear to perform well with respect to the available data may be performing poorly. The reason for poor model performance was unaccounted for heterogeneity in detection probability, which is known to bias occupancy‐detection models. This poses a problem because unaccounted for heterogeneity could not be detected using goodness‐of‐fit tests and was only revealed because we knew the experimentally determined outcome. A challenge for occupancy‐detection models is to find ways to identify and mitigate the impacts of unobserved heterogeneity, which could unknowingly bias many models. 相似文献
75.
Kurbatova EA Semenov BF Egorova NB Efremova VN Gruber IM Semenova IB Kushchenko OM 《Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii》2004,(3):34-39
The experimental study of the immunostimulating activity of therapeutic bacterial polycomponent vaccine VP-4 and prophylactic vaccine grippol, introduced both separately and in combination, on mice infected with Salmonella typhimurium, used as a model. Both preparations were found to produce an immunomodulating effect. The combined subcutaneous injection of VP-4 and grippol did not decrease their immunostimulating activity, but their separate administration at an interval of 14 days resulted in essential decrease in the protective activity of each of these two preparations. As shown on the model of Klebsiella infection in mice, challenged 4 weeks after immunization, VP-4 ensured the survival of 78.6% of mice, while after the injection of grippol their survival rate was not different from that of the group of intact animals. The evaluation of the immunostimulating activity of these preparations under the conditions of the prophylaxis of influenza and acute respiratory infections in organized groups of children revealed that the use of VP-4 alone or grippol in combination with VP-4 considerably decreased the number of secondary bacterial complications in children. 相似文献
76.
Fernandez S Katsuyama AM Kashiwabara AY Madeira AM Durham AM Gruber A 《FEMS microbiology letters》2004,238(1):183-188
This study reports the development and characterization of 151 sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers for the seven Eimeria species that infect the domestic fowl. From this set, 84 markers are species-specific and 67 present partial specificity. The complete nucleotide sequence was derived for all markers, revealing the presence of micro- and minisatellite repetitive units in 22 SCARs, with up to five distinct repeat units being observed per marker. Only 15 markers showed significant hits in similarity searches against public sequence databases, thus confirming their anonymous and non-coding character. Finally, a relational database of the markers (the Eimeria SCARdb) was developed and made available on the Internet, providing a valuable resource of SCAR markers that can be useful for molecular diagnosis, and also for epizootiological, genetic variability and genome mapping studies. 相似文献
77.
Mitsuomi?Shimazakimitujin@fish.hokudai.ac.jp; MY myabe@fish.hokudai.ac.jp" title="MS mitujin@fish.hokudai.ac.jp; MY myabe@fish.hokudai.ac.jp" itemprop="email" data-track="click" data-track-action="Email author" data-track-label="">Email author Hiromitsu?Endo Mamoru?Yabe 《Ichthyological Research》2004,51(2):120-125
Halieutopsis bathyoreos Bradbury, 1988 (Lophiiformes: Ogcocephalidae), previously described only on the basis of the holotype (62.6mm in standard length) from the central North Pacific, is redescribed on the basis of the holotype and six additional specimens (41.2–68.7mm in standard length) collected from the western South Pacific, off Papua New Guinea, and the western North Pacific, including the Japanese Archipelago. Halieutopsis bathyoreos is distinguished from its congeners by having a shelflike rostrum extending anteriorly well beyond the mouth, a dorsal escal lobe slightly bisected ventrally, an illicial cavity square in outline and completely visible in ventral view, and lacking tubercles on the ventral surface of the disk. The following characters are newly added to the diagnoses of this species: rostrum width 21–29% of head length, tubercles on the dorsal surface of the disk about half the diameter of those on the lateral margin, and 13–15 large lateral-line scales on the tail. 相似文献
78.
Jürgen?E?Schneider Jens?B?se Simon?D?Bamforth Achim?D?Gruber Carol?Broadbent Kieran?Clarke Stefan?Neubauer Andreas?LengelingEmail author Shoumo?BhattacharyaEmail author 《BMC developmental biology》2004,4(1):16
Background
Congenital heart defects are the leading non-infectious cause of death in children. Genetic studies in the mouse have been crucial to uncover new genes and signaling pathways associated with heart development and congenital heart disease. The identification of murine models of congenital cardiac malformations in high-throughput mutagenesis screens and in gene-targeted models is hindered by the opacity of the mouse embryo. 相似文献79.
The Eimeria genome projects: a sequence of events 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Shirley MW Ivens A Gruber A Madeira AM Wan KL Dear PH Tomley FM 《Trends in parasitology》2004,20(5):199-201
80.
NAB2, a corepressor of EGR-1, inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated gene induction and angiogenic responses of endothelial cells 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Lucerna M Mechtcheriakova D Kadl A Schabbauer G Schäfer R Gruber F Koshelnick Y Müller HD Issbrücker K Clauss M Binder BR Hofer E 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2003,278(13):11433-11440
In this study we have investigated the role of a specific corepressor of EGR-1, NAB2, to down-regulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced gene expression in endothelial cells and to inhibit angiogenesis. Firstly, we show a reciprocal regulation of EGR-1 and NAB2 following VEGF treatment. During the initial phase EGR-1 is rapidly induced and NAB2 levels are down-regulated. This is followed by a reduction of EGR-1 and a concomitant increase of NAB2. Secondly, using the tissue factor gene as a readout for VEGF-induced and EGR-1-regulated gene expression we demonstrate that NAB2 can completely block VEGF-induced tissue factor reporter gene activity. Thirdly, by adenovirus-mediated expression we show that NAB2 inhibits up-regulation of tissue factor, VEGF receptor-1, and urokinase plasminogen activator mRNAs even when a combination of VEGF and bFGF is used for induction. In addition, NAB2 overexpression significantly reduced tubule and sprout formation in two different in vitro angiogenesis assays and largely prevented the invasion of cells and formation of vessel-like structures in the murine Matrigel model. These data suggest that NAB2 regulation represents a mechanism to guarantee transient EGR-1 activity following exposure of endothelial cells to VEGF and that NAB2 overexpression could be used to inhibit signals involved in the early phase of angiogenesis. 相似文献